A wannan darasin zamu kalli yadda ake amfani da if
, else
da elif
kalamai a Python.
Lokacin yin lamba a cikin kowane yare, akwai wasu lokuta da zamu buƙaci yanke shawara da aiwatar da wasu lambobi dangane da sakamakon shawarar.
A Python, muna amfani da if
sanarwa don kimanta wani yanayi.
Bayanin rubutun if
bayani a cikin Python shine:
if condition:
statement
Kula da hankali sosai ga Semi-colon :
da kuma rashin hankali .
Muna amfani da masu aiki da hankali don kimanta yanayin. Masu aiki da hankali sune:
a == b
a != b
a < b
a <= b
a > b
a >= b
Lambar da ke bin if
Bayanin ana aiwatar dashi ne kawai idan yanayin ya daidaita zuwa true
.
Misali if
sanarwa a Python:
password = 'Hello' if len(password) < 6:
print('password too weak - should be at least 6 characters')
Fitarwa:
password too weak - should be at least 6 characters
A cikin lambar da ke sama, muna kimanta tsawon kalmar sirri. Yanayin shine, tsawon bazai zama ƙasa da haruffa 6 ba.
Ana nuna wannan ta ƙasa da mai aiki <
.
Tunda kirtanin 'Sannu' kasa da haruffa 6, to yanayin yana kimantawa zuwa gaskiya sabili da haka muna ganin bayanin bugawa.
Idan sakamakon kimantawa karya ne kuma muna son yin aiki a kan sakamakon, sannan mu hada da wani _ _ + _ | sanarwa.
Bayanin rubutun else
bayani yayi kama:
if...else
Don haka, ci gaba da misali iri ɗaya a sama, idan muna so mu sanar da mai amfani cewa kalmar su ta cika tsayin da ake buƙata, za mu saka wannan a cikin if condition:
toshewa
statement_1 else:
statement_2
Misali:
else
Fitarwa:
password = 'Mission' if len(password) < 6:
print('password too weak - should be at least 6 characters') else:
print('your password was accepted')
A wannan halin, kalmar 'Mission' tana da haruffa 7 don haka namu your password was accepted
yanayin kimantawa zuwa karya. Saboda muna da if
toshe, sannan na biyu else
sanarwa da aka kashe.
Lokacin da shirye-shiryen ke buƙatar ɗaukar abubuwa sama da biyu, muna buƙatar amfani da mahara print()
da if
tubalan Mabuɗin else
yana nufin kuma idan.
Misali, muna da wani shiri wanda yake bukatar tantance nau'ikan alwati uku bisa ga abubuwan shigar lamba 3.
elif
Fitarwa:
a = 5 b = 5 c = 5 if a != b and b != c and a != c:
print('This is a scalene triangle') elif a == b and b == c:
print('This is an equilateral triangle') else:
print('This is an isosceles triangle')
Wannan misalin ya nuna yadda ake sarrafa fiye da shari'u biyu. Kamar da, tuna da This is an equilateral triangle
da kuma shigarwar ciki.
Babu iyaka akan yawan :
da zamu iya amfani dasu. Dole ne kawai ya kasance elif
sanarwa wanda ke aiki azaman kama-duka. Idan duk else
maganganun sun gaza, sannan kuma if
sanarwa da aka kashe.
Idan muna da else
toshewa, zamu iya amfani da mai amfani da karatun ƙasa kuma rubuta if...else
toshewa a layi daya.
A tsari ne:
if...else
Misali:
condition_if_true if condition else condition_if_false
Fitarwa:
a = 100 b = 200 print('A') if a > b else print('B')
B
da if...else
maganganun suna sarrafa kwararar shirin.